Anxiety

Most people have experienced anxiety before. It is a common emotion that is associated with both mental characteristics (tension, fear, and worry) and physical effects (pounding heart, sweating, jitteriness) that are caused by concern for future events. Anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling, but it is important to recognize that it is natural. In fact, occasional anxiety helps us live intuitively and avoid danger!

On the other hand, anxiety can sometimes be persistent to the point where it interferes with daily life. For some, this may be a sign of an anxiety disorder. These individuals often experience excessive restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and intense dread, among other symptoms. Not all anxiety presents in the same way, however. Anxiety disorders can take several different forms. Generalized anxiety disorder is a constant state of unprovoked worry that is difficult to control. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by intrusive, recurring thoughts, or behaviors/compulsions. Individuals with panic disorder suffer from a sudden intense fear of disaster when there is no real danger, otherwise known as panic attacks. Post-traumatic stress disorder is developed after a stressful or terrifying event. Social anxiety disorder is a persistent fear of being judged by others in social situations.

Research has shown that anxiety disorders are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. In addition, various biological factors are also indicative of an anxiety disorder. For example, lower levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that affects mood, appetite, and sleep, are present in people with anxiety. The amygdala, in charge of sensing danger, is overactive, usually causing heightened sensitivity to the perception of “threats”.

Anxiety is challenging, but there are methods to treat and manage it. Certain habits can be adopted to reduce symptoms. Overall, a thorough understanding of its causes and triggers is an effective way to combat negative feelings and better prepare for the future.

The amygdala in the brain

Picture Source: thescienceofpsychotherapy.com